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Judul : Difference Betwixt Priorityqueue Together With Treeset Inwards Java?
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Difference Betwixt Priorityqueue Together With Treeset Inwards Java?

The PriorityQueue as well as TreeSet collection classes has a lot of similarities e.g. both render O(log(N)) fourth dimension complexity for adding, removing, as well as searching elements, both are non-synchronized as well as you lot tin acquire chemical cistron from both PriorityQueue as well as TreeSet inward sorted order, but at that topographic point is primal departure betwixt them, TreeSet is a Set as well as doesn't allow a duplicate element, spell PriorityQueue is a queue as well as doesn't receive got such restriction. It tin comprise multiple elements amongst equal values as well as inward that instance caput of the queue volition last arbitrarily chosen from them. Another key departure betwixt TreeSet as well as PriorityQueue is iteration order, though you lot tin access elements from the caput inward a sorted companionship e.g. caput ever give you lot lowest or highest priority chemical cistron depending upon your Comparable or Comparator implementation but iterator returned yesteryear PriorityQueue doesn't render whatever ordering guarantee.

Only guarantee PriorityQueue gives that caput volition ever last smallest or largest element. On the other hand, TreeSet keeps all elements inward sorted companionship as well as iterator returned yesteryear TreeSet volition allow you lot to access all elements inward that sorted order.

This is ane of the oftentimes asked Collection interview questions as well as what makes it interesting is the subtle departure betwixt a lot of similarities betwixt PriorityQueue as well as TreeSet.  You tin utilisation ane inward house of approximately other inward approximately scenarios but non inward all scenarios as well as that's what Interviewer is looking for when he inquire this inquiry to you lot on Interview.

Similarity betwixt PriorityQueue as well as TreeSet

Before looking at the departure betwixt PriorityQueue as well as TreeSet, let's outset sympathise the similarities betwixt them. This volition assistance you lot to think of scenarios where you lot tin utilisation a PriorityQueue inward house of TreeSet or vice-versa. 

ThreadSafety
First similarities betwixt PriorityQueue as well as TreeSet is that both are non thread-safe, which way you lot cannot part them betwixt multiple threads. If multiple threads are required to alter the TreeSet at the same time, so you lot must synchronize their access externally.

Ordering
The 3rd similarity betwixt PriorityQueue as well as TreeSet is that both tin last used to access elements inward a exceptional order. TreeSet is a SortedSet, so it ever keeps the elements inward the companionship defined yesteryear their Comparator or natural companionship if at that topographic point is no Comparator defined, spell PriorityQueue volition ever brand certain that caput contains the lowest or highest value depending upon the companionship imposed yesteryear Comparator or Comparable.

Eligibility 
When I tell eligibility, which way which objects tin last stored inward PrioritySet as well as TreeSet? Is at that topographic point whatever restriction or all objects are allowed? Well, at that topographic point is, you lot tin alone shop objects which implement Comparable or Comparator inward both PriorityQueue as well as TreeSet because the collection classes are responsible for keeping their commitment i.e. PriorityQueue must adjust afterward every insertion or deletion to driblet dead along the lowest or highest chemical cistron inward caput position. Similarly, TreeSet must re-arrange elements so that they rest the sorted companionship specified yesteryear Comparator or natural companionship imposed yesteryear Comparable.


Performance
This is ane signal where you lot volition run into both similarity as well as departure betwixt PriorityQueue as well as TreeSet inward Java i.e. both provides O(log(N)) complexity for adding, removing as well as searching elements, but when you lot desire to take the highest or lowest priority chemical cistron so PriorityQueue gives O(1) performance because it ever driblet dead along the chemical cistron inward head, much similar a heap information construction i.e. minimum heap where origin is ever the minimum value.  If you lot are non familiar amongst heap information structure, I propose you lot reading a adept mass on information construction e.g. Algorithms 4th Edition yesteryear Robert Sedgewick.

Difference betwixt PriorityQueue as well as TreeSet

Now, that you lot know as well as sympathise similarities betwixt TreeSet as well as PrioritySet, let's run into how dissimilar they are? as well as why you lot cannot utilisation PrioritySet inward house of TreeSet inward Java?


Underlying Data Structure
This outset as well as maiden departure is underlying information structure. PriorityQueue is a Queue as well as that's why it provides the functionality of FIFO information structure, spell TreeSet is a Set as well as doesn't render the Queue API.


Duplicate Elements
The minute departure betwixt them tin last derived from the outset departure i.e. properties of their underlying information structure. Since TreeSet is a Set it doesn't allow duplicate elements but PriorityQueue may comprise duplicates. In the instance of ties, the caput of the priority queue is chosen arbitrarily.



Performance
The 3rd departure betwixt TreeSet as well as PrirityQueue comes from their relative performance. The PriorityQueue provides largest or smallest chemical cistron inward O(1) time, which is non possible yesteryear TreeSet. Since TreeSet is backed yesteryear a red dark tree, the search functioning volition accept O(logN) time. This is why if you lot are developing an application where priority matters e.g. a labor scheduling algorithm where you lot ever desire to execute the labor amongst the highest priority, you lot should utilisation PriorityQueue information structure.


Availability
The fifth as well as terminal departure betwixt PriorityQueue as well as TreeSet shape are that one-time was added inward JDK 1.5 spell TreeSet was available from JDK 1.4 itself. This is non a really meaning departure inward the historic menses of Java 8, but if you lot are working amongst legacy systems nevertheless running on Java 1.5, a signal worth remembering.


Ordering
The 4th difference, which is to a greater extent than subtle than you lot think because inward similarities I receive got told that both are responsible for keeping approximately ordering. The key signal is that inward TreeSet all elements rest inward the sorted order, spell inward priority queue apart from root, which is guaranteed to last smallest or largest depending upon Comparing logic, residue of chemical cistron may or may non follow whatever ordering.

This way if you lot shop same elements inward the TreeSet as well as PriorityQueue as well as iterate over them, so their companionship volition last different. TreeSet volition impress them inward sorted companionship but PriorityQueue volition non until you lot are ever getting the chemical cistron from the head.  You tin read a adept heart as well as someone Java mass e.g. Java: The Complete Reference, Ninth Edition to larn to a greater extent than close PriorityQueue implementation inward Java.

Using PriorityQueue as well as TreeSet inward Java Program

Now, let's approximately code to highlight the departure betwixt PriorityQueue as well as TreeSet inward Java. If you lot retrieve the most subtle departure I elevate inward the previous paragraph was that TreeSet keeps all elements inward the sorted order, spell PriorityQueue alone keeps the origin or caput into order. I hateful the lowest chemical cistron volition ever last at origin inward PriorityQueue. If you lot utilisation poll() which consumes the caput as well as removes it, you lot volition ever retrieve the elements inward increasing companionship from PriorityQueue, equally shown inward next Java program.

import java.util.Collections; import java.util.Date; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.List; import java.util.PriorityQueue; import java.util.Queue; import java.util.Set; import java.util.TreeSet;  /**  * Java Program to demonstrate departure betwixt PriorityQueue  * as well as TreeSet.   *   * @author WINDOWS 8  *  */ public class App {      public static void main(String args[]) {        Set setOfNumbers = new TreeSet<>();       Queue queueOfNumbers = new PriorityQueue<>();              // inserting elements into TreeSet as well as PriorityQueue       setOfNumbers.add(202);       setOfNumbers.add(102);       setOfNumbers.add(503);       setOfNumbers.add(33);              queueOfNumbers.add(202);       queueOfNumbers.add(102);       queueOfNumbers.add(503);       queueOfNumbers.add(33);              // Iterating over TreeSet       System.out.println("Iterating over TreeSet inward Java");       Iterator itr = setOfNumbers.iterator();       while(itr.hasNext()){         System.out.println(itr.next());       }              // Iterating over PriorityQueue       System.out.println("Iterating over PriorityQueue inward Java");       itr = queueOfNumbers.iterator();       while(itr.hasNext()){         System.out.println(itr.next());       }              // Consuming numbers using from caput inward PriorityQueue       System.out.println("polling a PriorityQueue inward Java");       while(!queueOfNumbers.isEmpty()){         System.out.println(queueOfNumbers.poll());       }   }        }  Output: Iterating over TreeSet inward Java 33 102 202 503 Iterating over PriorityQueue inward Java 33 102 503 202 polling a PriorityQueue inward Java 33 102 202 503 

You tin run into that the companionship is dissimilar from the Iterator returned yesteryear PriorityQueue as well as HeadSet (highlighted yesteryear red) but when you lot utilisation the poll() method to eat all elements inward PriorityQueue, you lot receive got got them inward the same companionship they were acquaint inward TreeSet i.e. lowest to highest. This proves the signal that TreeSet keeps all elements inward sorted order spell PriorityQueue alone aid close the origin or caput position. This sort of details are really of import from Java certification perspective equally well, you lot volition uncovering a lot of questions based upon such subtle details inward mock exams also equally on the existent exam.

Summary

Finally, hither is the summary of all the differences betwixt TreeSet as well as PriorityQueue inward Java on the overnice tabular format for tardily reference:

That's all close the difference betwixt TreeSet as well as PrirorityQueue inward Java. Though both provides approximately sort of sorting capability at that topographic point is a huge departure betwixt the demeanour of these 2 collection classes. The outset as well as most of import departure is ane is Set as well as other is Queue, which way ane doesn't allow duplicate spell other is FIFO information construction without whatever restriction on duplication.  If you lot desire to larn to a greater extent than close advanced information construction as well as collection classes inward Java, I propose to read a adept mass heart as well as someone Java e.g. Core Java For the Impatient yesteryear Cay. S. Horstmann.

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Thanks for reading this article so far, if you lot similar this article so delight part amongst your friends as well as colleagues. If you lot receive got whatever questions or feedback so delight driblet a comment.

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